Pendulum level



` Jan. 3, 1928.

H. CRUMBACH ET AL IPIEINDULUM LEVEL Filed Jan. 11. 1923 gatented Jan. 3, 1928.

UNITEDIVSTA'TES HUBERT CEUMBACH AND HERBERT c. MAXWELL, oF CLEVELAND, oHIo.

.a EENDULM LEVEL. Y

. App'iication medpianuary 1i, 1323.r Vsemaine. 611,938.

This invention relates to an improved' level for the use of carpenters and engineers. More particularly it 'comprises a .level wherein the indicator is not the usual air bubble but instead a pointer arm formed on a pendulum and accurately adjustable to give the proper readings upon a scale toV note the degree of inclination of the object being tested. A

The level is particularly designed to withstand rough usage and to be vcapable of adjustment in several difnei'ent types `of measuring instruments so that la single level may be used with a short bar or try-square and may also be placed fin position inv aneigtended beam for work over a considerable distance.

The annexed drawing` and the following description set forth in detail certain mech@l anism embodying the invention, such ldisclosed means constituting,however, but one of various mechanical forms in which the principle of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawing: Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the improved level shownvpartially in section; and Fig.f2

is a transversesectional elevation of the im` proved level taken along the line22 shown in Fig. 1 looking in'the direction ofjthe arrows. 1

4c As is clearly shown in the drawing,v the level 1 comprises a supporting block2, pro-V vided'. centrally with a built-up Leasing 8, within which is located a pair of inverted V-shaped bracketsl carrying at their apexes -the pivot elements Yfor the transverse pivot bar 5 of thependulum; These pivot elements are prererably jewel bearings 6 such as are used in watches, Compasses and similar apparatus, and are provided with bearing recesses to receive the conical terminals 7 of the central pivot pin Yof the pendulum. The pendulum comprises a pointer arm- 8 and a weight 9. The pointer arm terminates in a bifurcated indicating means 10 adapted to embrace between these ends anv annular The level is also intended to sup-y ply accurate vinformation asto the amount scale plate 11y upon eachside of ywhich is accurately marked a series of spacedlines forming a scale 112 with readings in degrees, aswell as inches of inclination per foot, or other units of measurement, as may be found desirable. `A similar bifurcated indicator 13 is attached to the Weighted. end of the pendulum thus providing a double reading upon the scale, and "permitting the' accuracy of the instrument tobe checked atv all times. The annular scale is supported Awithin a circular openingA 111 in the supporting block of the level and is held in a central position therein by means of two flat rings 15,`which are adapted to seat on opposite sides 'of said scale. In each of said rings one of the inverted V-shaped brackets `is mounted by having its rlower endsY lirmly secured thereto,

.by soldering or in any preferred manner.

Against the outer edges of each of said rings, a glass plate 16 is adapted to be positioned, being held therein by means 'of 'suitable iianges 17,18.V y

The scale is preferably a metal' plate of substantial thickness andis provided upon one edge with 'an extension flange 21 termi.-

iiating in a straight edge. The body of the' level is provided with a recess 22 to properly 'receive the extension edge and permitl a certain degreeof'motion thereof about the center of the 'level'as a pivot. A pair of lugs 23 is secured within the body Vof Vthe level immediately aboye vthe straight edge of' the flange on theY annular scale and'each of the lugs is provided with a. screw-threaded aperture l24 in whichv is' engagedv an adjusting` screw 25, the lower end of vwhich passes through suitable openings'26 in the support-1 ing block and bears against the 'adjacent' endk of the straight edge of said scale.` By this means it is possible` to shift the scale any ,A

minute degree required to insure an eXtremely accurate reading. It likewise permits the attachment of the` instrument to various measuring devices and itsready and'accurate adjustment after" such transferring of the level. Through -the engagement of 'the adjusting screws in the apertures 26, the sup- ',porting block is held in position.

In orderl to rprovide va furnished surface for the instrument it isy desirable to attach a pair of metal plates 31 of square outline to each'side of the 'measuring instrument adjacent thepoint of attachment of the level. These plates are provided with central cir- 11ol v Thus, a series ofV various types of devices' may ber provided with suitable openings adapted to inter-engage with the grower; upon the supporting blocl whereby the ready application of the level to the desired instrument may be easily accomplished; A suitable plate Lll is provided to lock the level in position after it has been inserted into ythe supporting block, said plate being held in position by means of screws 4-2 or other suitable fastening elements. f Y

It will be noted that prior to removing the level from one supporting block for p laeing it within another, it will be necessary to relieve the contact of the adjusting screws from the extension edge of the scale, aswell as to withdraw them a suflicient distance to clear their lower ends from the support-.ng block. After the level has been placed in the new position, the adjusting screws provided upon the new instrument are brought into contact with the straight edge of the scale which should then be accurately adjusted prior to using the instrument.

-Other modes of applying the principle of our invention may be employed instead of 5 the one explained, change being made as regards the mechanism herein disclosed, prof" vided the means stated by any of the following claims or the equivalent ofsuch stated means be em loyed.

We there oi'e particularly .point out and distinctly claim as our invention n l. In an apparatus ofthe character de seribed, a measuring instrument provided with a` rectangular opening formed at oneedge thereof, projectingrribs formed uponV the sides of saidopening, a supporting block of rectangular outline, having recesses upon opposite sidesadapte-d to engage said ribs, and having a circular opening centrally thereof, an annular scale plate positioned within said opening, an extension flange upon said scale plate, means mounted in the.V

body of said measuring instrument cooperat ing with said .extension flange for ,rotating said scale plate :in either direction, sah! means also being adaptedrto lock said rec` tangular block Within said opening, a pendiivlum indicator pivoted centrally of said opening,'and. a pointer Yformed at either end of said indicator and cooperating with the scale of said -scale plate.

2. In an' apparatus of the character dei scribed, a measuring instrument provided lwith a rectangular opening formed atene edge thereof, projecting ribs formed upon the slides of said opening, a supporting blocs of rectangular outline liavingi'ecesses upon opposite sides adapted to engage said ribs, and Vhaving a circular opening centrally thereof, an annular scale plate positioned within said opening, an extension flange,l means mounted in the body of said measurf ing instrument cooperating with said flange for rotating said scalev plate in either ,direction, said means also locking said rectangular bloclrwithin said opening, a support, Va pendulum indicator pivotally mountedr on `,said support centrally of said opening, a pointer provided upon each end of said indicator and cooperating with said scale plate, and a plate secured across the opening of said "instrumentto retain said supporting Iblock in position. l l

3. In an apparatus of thechar'acter described, a measuring instrument provided with a'rectangular openingformed one edge thereof, projecting ribs formed upon the sides of said opening, a supporting block or rectangular outline, having recesses'upon opposite sides adapted to engager' said ribs, and having a circular opening centrally thereof, an annular scale plate positioned within said opening, an extension flange, means mounted in the body of said'measur# ing instrument cooperating with said iiange for rotating said scale plate in either direction, said means also locking said rectangular block within said opening, a support, a pendulum indicator pivotally mounted von said support centrallyA of said opening, .a

pointer provided on each end of said indi:

cator, and a plate secured across the opening in said instrument A to serve as additional in position.

Si'ned by us, this `6th day of January,

(ill

'105 means for retaining said rectangular block; 

